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ɎɌɍȻɈɉȽɅȻ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ
ɤɨɬɥɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɛɵɬɶ
ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɣ
ɢ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ
ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɢ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ
ɫ
ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ
ɜɫɟɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢ
ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ
ɫɥɭɠɛ
Ƚɠɨɭɣɦɺɱɣɺ ɥɩɭɠɦɷɨɩɤ
Ʉɨɬɥɵ ɫɟɪɢɢ ³5; ´ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬɤȼɬ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɜ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɬɟɩɥɨɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
ɥɢɛɨ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɧɵɯ
ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɝɞɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɵ ɫ
ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ
ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ
ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɥɫɹ ɛɵ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɬɨɤ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɩɨ ɤɪɚɣɧɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ
ɞɥɹ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɢɬɨɤɚ
ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɜ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɜɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ
ɫɬɟɧɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ
± ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
ɫɦ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɤȼɬ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɨ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɫɦ
± ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɛɥɢɠɟ
ɤ
ɩɨɥɭ
ɧɢɱɟɦ ɧɟ
ɡɚɝɪɨɦɨɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɭɸ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɥɚ ɛɵ
ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ
ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
Ɋɩɟɥɦɹɲɠɨɣɠ ɬɣɬɭɠɧɶ
ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɦɵɬɶ ɟɟ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɦɭɫɨɪɚ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɶ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ
Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɪɢɫ Ⱦɥɹ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ
ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɪɚɡɛɨɪɧɵɯ
ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ
ɧɚɤɢɞɧɵɟ
ɝɚɣɤɢ
©ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɤɢª Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ
ɩɨɞɚɸɳɟɦ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚɯ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɨɬɫɟɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɡɚɞɜɢɠɤɢ
ȽɈɃɇȻɈɃɀ Ƚ ɢɛɝɩɟɬɥɮɹ ɥɩɧɪɦɠɥɭɛɱɣɹ
ɥɩɭɦɛ ɨɠ ɝɰɩɟɣɭ ɞɫɮɪɪɛ ɜɠɢɩɪɛɬɨɩɬɭɣ ɪɩ
ɟɛɝɦɠɨɣɹ ɝɩɟɶ ɝɥɦɹɲɛɹɴɛɺ ɝ ɬɠɜɺ
x
ɉɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɥɚɩɚɧ
x
ɋɛɬɳɣɫɣɭɠɦɷɨɶɤ ɜɛɥ
x
Ȼɝɭɩɧɛɭɣɲɠɬɥɣɤ
ɥɦɛɪɛɨ
ɝɶɪɮɬɥɛ ɝɩɢɟɮɰɛ
x
Ʌɩɨɭɫɩɦɷɨɶɤ ɧɛɨɩɧɠɭɫ
ɀɠ
ɨɠɩɜɰɩɟɣɧɩ
ɮɬɭɛɨɛɝɦɣɝɛɭɷ
ɟɩɪɩɦɨɣɭɠɦɷɨɩ
Ⱦɥɹ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɝɚɡɚ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɬɪɭɛɵ
ɫ
ɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɜɵɦɢ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ
ɉɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɝɚɡɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɦ
ɫɬɟɧ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɜ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɢɥɶɡɚɯ
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɬɪɭɛ ɨɬ
ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɚ
ɞɨ
ɤɨɬɥɨɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ
ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ
ɤɚɤ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɭɟɦɵɣ
ɨɛɴɟɦ
ɦɱɚɫ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɝɚɡɚ ɉɪɨɩɭɫɤɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɚɡɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɚ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ
ɝɚɡɚ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɚ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɨɦ ɢ ɥɸɛɵɦ
ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɦ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɨɦ ɧɟ
ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥɢ ɛɵ
±ɦɛɚɪ ɞɥɹ ɝɚɡɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ
ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ
±ɦɛɚɪ ɞɥɹ ɝɚɡɚ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ
ɩɭɬɚɧ ɩɪɨɩɚɧ
ɇɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɚ
ɧɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ
ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ
ɟɝɨ
ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɬɢɩ
ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɧ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧ
Ɏɢɥɶɬɪ ɝɚɡɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ
Ƚɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɤɥɚɩɚɧ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɦ
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɟ ɭɥɨɜɢɬɶ
ɜɫɟɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɫɟɣ ɢɡ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ
ɨɱɢɫɬɤɭ ɝɚɡɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ
ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɚ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɧ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ
ɝɚɡɨɜɵɣ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ɍɫɠɜɩɝɛɨɣɺ ɥ ɥɛɲɠɬɭɝɮ ɝɩɟɶ
Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɟ
ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ
ɢɡɜɟɫɬɤɨɜɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ
ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ
ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɭɦɹɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ
Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ
ɜɨɞɵ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ
x
ɩɪɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
x
ɩɪɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɣ ɩɨɞɩɢɬɤɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɜɨɞɨɣ
x
ɩɪɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ³5;·´ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɛɨɥɟɟ
ɤȼɬ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ
ɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
ɤɨɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ
ȼɵɫɨɬɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɝɞɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɤɨɬɟɥ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ȾȻɇ ©Ƚɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟª
ɪɢɫ
Ʉɪɨɦɟ
ɬɨɝɨ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ
ɤɨɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɸɳɟɟɫɹ
ɨɤɧɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ
ɫɬɟɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɬɨɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢɡ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ
ɫɦ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɤȼɬ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɨ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɫɦ ɚ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɚ ɫ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ
ɤɝɦ±ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟɫɦ
ɉɜɵɠɧ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
ɥɩɭɠɦɷɨɩɤ
ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ɞɨɤȼɬ±ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟɦ
ɨɬɞɨɤȼɬ±ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟɦ
ɨɬɞɨɤȼɬ±ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟɦ
Ɋɢɫ
ȼɵɫɨɬɚ
Ɉ
ɤɨɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɟɺ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢȾȻɇ ȼ©Ƚɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɟª
± ɧɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɤȼɬ««««! ɦ
± ɨɬɞɨɤȼɬ««««! ɦ
± ɛɨɥɶɲɟɤȼɬ««««! ɦ
